Recurrent cough and cold are common, particularly in children and adults with specific risk factors. Proper management through identifying triggers and adopting healthy practices can help reduce their frequency and severity.
Causes
Postnasal drip (upper airway cough syndrome)
Asthma
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Viral or bacterial infections
Allergies
Chronic bronchitis or COPD
Medications (e.g., certain blood pressure drugs)
Do’s
Identify and avoid triggers such as dust, pollen, smoke, and strong odors.
Maintain good hygiene by washing hands regularly to prevent infections.
Stay hydrated with plenty of fluids to help thin mucus.
Use saline nasal sprays or steam inhalation to clear nasal passages and ease coughing.
Follow prescribed treatments, including inhalers for asthma or medications for allergies/GERD.
Get vaccinated with annual flu shots or pertussis boosters as recommended.
Keep the environment clean using air purifiers and regularly washing bedding.
Consult a doctor if cough persists beyond 8 weeks (adults) or 4 weeks (children), or with symptoms like blood in sputum, chest pain, or weight loss.
Don’ts
Don’t ignore persistent symptoms, as they may indicate serious underlying conditions.
Don’t expose yourself to active or passive smoking, which worsens symptoms.
Don’t self-medicate with antibiotics, as most coughs and colds are viral.
Don’t expose yourself to strong fragrances, cleaning chemicals, or pollution, which can trigger symptoms.
Don’t abruptly stop prescribed asthma or allergy medications, as this can worsen symptoms.
Don’t share personal items like towels, utensils, or cups to avoid spreading infections.
Dietary Guidance
Consume citrus fruits, berries, kiwi, pineapple, ginger, garlic, honey, warm soups, broths, leafy greens, coconut water, almonds, and grapes to support immunity.
Avoid dairy products, bananas, caffeine, and alcohol, which may worsen symptoms or mucus production.