Causes

• Viral or bacterial infections, often following a cold or sore throat
• Eustachian tube dysfunction leading to fluid buildup behind the eardrum
• Allergies increasing susceptibility to infections
• Exposure to tobacco smoke or environmental irritants
• Immature immune system in young children

Dietary Guidance

The Traditional Mediterranean Diet may help prevent and manage otitis media by reducing inflammation and supporting immune function.

• Use olive oil as the primary source of fat.
• Consume abundant fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts daily.
• Incorporate whole grains into daily meals.
• Choose fresh, minimally processed foods whenever possible.
• Include dairy, such as yogurt and cheese, in moderation daily.
• Limit red meat; opt for fish and eggs in moderation.
• Make fresh fruit the usual dessert, reserving sweets for special occasions.
• Prioritize water as the main beverage.
• Encourage daily physical activity to support overall health.